Springfield trapdoor cleaning rod MODEL 1873 SPRINGFIELD CLEANING ROD. Wood and metal are in really great shape and has lots of figure for a Military arm. 1 Original Springfield Krag Rifle or Carbine Cleaning Rod Set & Oiler. MODEL1884 In 1884 the integral The US M1888 Rifle replaced the socket bayonet with a rod bayonet that doubled as a cleaning rod. Evasive X Leen Customs S2000 And EVO Limited Edition Enamel Pin Combo Ar. 45/70 Trapdoor Carbine Garrison or Barracks Cleaning Rod. I have left the tang sight on it but I Original Item: Only One available. Made to original specifications. Product Reviews. Create an account or sign in to U. A little work with a fine file and some sandpaper and a few whacks with misc small metal tools followed by cold blue and steel wool and it looks like it was original to my trapdoor. Includes 1 brass end section, 3 straight sections, and 1 slotted section. Allin in the 1860s and the last single-shot rifle to see American military service. Quantity. Previous in ANTIQUE FIREARMS, NO FFL REQUIRED: Next in ANTIQUE FIREARMS, NO FFL REQUIRED >> the bore is good with some oxidation, and the wood is in good condition with a few gouges. Get the best deals for Springfield Trapdoor Cleaning Rod at eBay. The rod turns freely but I cannot seem to pull it out. 1873 45/70 Springfield trapdoor rifle ram rod (cleaning rod) Overall length 32 3/4 inches. Has a tang peep sight and a hooded front sight. SPRINGFIELD M1873 “TRAPDOOR” . Model 1870 Springfield rifle was manufactured from 1870 to 1873. The US M1888 Rifle replaced the socket bayonet with a rod bayonet that doubled as a cleaning rod. The disassembly and re-assembly of my '84 model Springfield Rifle. This rod has a cupped top and correct grooved end. I had no idea what I was looking for, I just knew I had seen them in videos and thought they were cool, and the price seemed good. Items in the Price Guide are obtained exclusively from licensors and partners solely for our members’ research needs. Springfield Model 1888 Trapdoor Rifle with Rod Bayonet Auction Location: Rock Island, IL Auction Date: November 20, 2024 SPRINGFIELD 1884 TRAPDOOR RIFLE - C66918. Springfield Muskets Model 1855 - 1864 Model 1861 Special Model 1847 Musketoon Model 1842 Model 1841 Cadet Springfield Trapdoors. Related Items. This Model 1884 Trapdoor comes with the original cleaning rod in place and an original socket-type bayonet. Springfield Model 1873 . I even put a large screwdriver blade into the rod's slot and hit the driver with a hammer, but the rod will not move forward. Posted October 10, 2024. No other trapdoor 1875 springfield trapdoor officer's model type 1 description: this is an 1875 springfield officer's model trapdoor rifle type 1. The front sight is a fourth type as installed on carbines after 1886. These rods will fit in the 38-40 or 44-40 stock through the trap door on the butt plate. 08/12/2024 - For sale is a Springfield Model 1884 Trapdoor that has the rod bayonet installed. There is little finish Manufacturer: U. This is a fantastic example of the classic Springfield trapdoor rifle, the weapon used, in its carbine form, by the troopers of the 7th Cavalry that met their fate at the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876. I load my own to original specifications (the U. It is 53 5/8" in length. Please ask all questions before bidding. Springfield Model 1888 Trapdoor Rifle with Rod Bayonet Auction Location: Rock Island, IL Auction Date: November 20, 2024 Loading for a Springfield 1873 trapdoor Thread starter milktree; Start date Jul 6, 2017; milktree. 27 shipping. The bayonet fits nicely on the Springfield and locks into place as it was designed to. by admin. The action functions correctly. 45”-70 Trapdoor" series, the Model 1888 had as a distinguishing feature a combination cleaning rod and bayonet. 00 Krag Oiler, All Models. 1886 version - deeply 1875 springfield trapdoor officer's model type 1 description: this is an 1875 springfield officer's model trapdoor rifle type 1. Condition: Springfield Trapdoor, M1 Garand Rifle, Reproduction Collectible Knife, Sword & Blade Rods, Springfield Trapdoor 1873 Cadet. This rifles receiver serial number falls into the Model 1879 range, indicating it was upgraded to the 1888 rod bayonet US SPRINGFIELD MODEL 1879 TRAPDOOR CARBINE, 45-70, UNIT MARKED, 3 PIECE CLEANING ROD Description: This is a very good example of a model 1879 Trapdoor carbine that was upgraded to a model 1884 configuration by replacing the breech block and rear sight. $13. 458 bullet that weighs 405 grains with 55 grains of 2F black This ad is for the pictured Original but shortened Cleaning Rod for the US Model 1866 Allin Conversion and the 50-70 Trapdoors. Army Indian Scouts, here 10/15/20 - This is a very nice example of a Springfield Model 1884 "Trapdoor" Rifle, manufactured in 1892. Has an 1879 buckhorn rear sight with taller front sight blade for a much better sight picture, looks and works great! Please examine pics and ask all needed questions. 5 inches back from the head. 45/70 Springfield M1873-1879 Trapdoor Lower Band $ 59. It's free enough to turn with my fingers but i can't figure out how to release it to This is an original cleaning rod for a Springfield trapdoor 45/70 rifle. 1848 Dragoon Revolvers. Threaded end. 00 This original cleaning rod will fit and function great in all Original Springfield 45-70 Rifle Models including 1873, 1877, 1878, 1879 and 1884. The Model 1888 was based on the Winchester Model 1873 line of rifles, which had undergone several CLEANING ROD TRAPDOOR US SPRINGFIELD RIFLE 45-70 ORIGINAL (#196446933402) See all feedback. Opens in a new window or tab. 45-70. Lot 335: U. Cartouche "SWP/1888" on left grip. The finish on the rifle is clean and free of 1873-1889 Springfield . MODEL 1884 In 1884 the integral Round Rod Bayonet was designed, which could double as a cleaning rod, a Another great oldie, This Antique U. Our Price: $5. The total overall length is 35 & 5/8 inches long. Original sights include a blade front and Springfield Model 1873 Trapdoor in . 45-70 Trapdoor; M1873 45/70 Trapdoor Ramrod Type 1; Reproduction for original M1873 45/70 Trapdoor ramrod (Type 1). In addition Cleaning Rod For US Army Springfield Trapdoor Cadet Rifle 1873- 1884. So earlier this year I bought a Springfield Trapdoor on a whim for $600 from a local gun show. Springfield Trapdoor Rifle. The cleaning rod groove has been filled and smoothed over. Trapdoor Accessories Springfield Muskets. The Poyer/Riesch book "The . The bayonet is in great shape. Home; About Us; Contact Us; 1873-1889 Springfield Trapdoor Front Escutcheon (Washer) $8. Left side of stock has “SWP/1886” cartouche. Metal has a nice patina but some nice Original Item: Only One available. The bayonet shows some original In 1884 the integral Round Rod Bayonet was introduced, which could double as a cleaning rod, a development that met with very limited success. For additional photographs, descriptions and specifications see: The . Left side of wrist has a faint inspector cartouche. Made in the U. SKU: C65411 Caliber: 45-70 GOVT Action: Single shot Firearm Type: Rifle License Type: Light patina metal. The bluing on the metal has faded away and been replaced with patina. Walnut stock with long comb is a later replacement, with butt trap and compartments for cleaning rod sections. View Product Details. The addition of the massive front mount also altered the 1873-1889 Springfield . MILITARY Rifle SWP/1884 Cartouche There is a clear “SWP” cartouche and circle P on the stock. , and both barrel bands are "U" marked, Serial # 89342 VP Eagle Marked 32 1/2" Barrel With Open Front Sight, Great Collectors Piece! Original Item: Only One available. Army used to open the West and Springfield trapdoor carbines were used by Custer’s Cavalry at the massacre at The Little BigHorn. 1855, 1861, 1863 - 1864, 1873 - 1889 springfield tumbler stirrup pivot pin, original. Numrich has been providing current and obsolete parts since 1950 and has the Wolff Springfield 1873 Trapdoor Cam Latch Spring 16195 FREE SHIPPING! Get the best deals for 1873 Trapdoor Cleaning Rod at eBay. There is little finish left, mostly patina. Correct for 1873 - 1876 and 1886 Winchesters. Caliber 45-70. 45-70 Trapdoor Sight Blade. It incorporated a rod bayonet, a device that would be seen again in the SPRINGFIELD 1884 EXPERIMENTAL RAMROD BAYONET inv # 01-15733 Caliber: 45-70 Barrel: 32 5/8″ Stock: 2 Band walnut stock w/ trapdoor buttplate. This rod has an flat top and correct grooved end. Where specific instructions are required they will be provided. It was finally replaced in 1892 with the . I did purchase a reproduction, since I'm just a fan of cleaning The Model 1888 was Springfield's last attempt at producing a combined cleaning rod and bayonet design. This rifle has the distinctive Officer's Rifle features which include: (1) varnished, straight grain, American walnut half-stock with checkered wrist and forearm, (2) checkered detachable pistol grip, (3) nickel-plated brass forearm cap, (4) 26-inch barrel with single cleaning rod ferrule, (5 This ad is for the pictured Original but shortened Cleaning Rod for the US Model 1866 Allin Conversion and the 50-70 Trapdoors. /SPRINGFIELD", breech block marked "U. It incorporated a rod bayonet, a device that would be seen again in the Original Item: Only One available. Find A Cartridge Rifle. This is a lovely honest used example of the classic Springfield trapdoor rifle, the weapon used, in its carbine form, by the troopers of the 7th Cavalry that met their fate at the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876. It has been cut on the bottom end. Cleaning rod is absent. MODEL1884 In 1884 the integral Original Item: Only One available. This is a full length, 35 5/8th inches long rifle cleaning rod; an original item from the era of the Indian Wars (1866-97) with about 90% original blue with grey/brown patina. Original . Original Model 1868-1870 Springfield . The stock shows no evidence that the nose piece has been changed or altered no evidence that it had been filled where a cleaning rod may had been and no indication of a splice. Springfield Model 1884 Trapdoor Rifle Chambered in . Community. It is a rare piece of militaria from the United States that collectors will appreciate. original 1873 rear rifle sight on barrel with The Springfield Model 1873 was the first standard-issue breech-loading rifle adopted by the United States Army (although the Springfield Model 1866 had seen limited issue to troops along the Bozeman Trail in 1867). from $15. 6" barrels. Don't shoot jacketed ammo because it will erode the rifling. WP5563 Stock (repro. /MODEL/1873", with "V/P" over an 1873 35 1/2 inches long rifle cleaning rod with about 50% original blue with grey/brown patina. Special Police Texas & Pacific Railroad Badge, Reproduction $ 12. 50-70 CALIBER RIFLE Description: The sights are the correct original ones and the cleaning rod is intact. If you intend to fire it, make sure you get 45-70 loads made for the trapdoor Springfield and not the more modern guns. Basically it was the rifle the U. It’s flexible enough to bend past the The Model 1884 round rod bayonet rifle was Springfield's third attempt at a rod bayonet system on a trapdoor rifle. We have a great online selection at the lowest prices with Fast & Free shipping on many items! This original set of the three piece cleaning rod is in excellent condition. The wood stock is clean and free of any major breaks. The US ARMY found little use for bayonets in combat until WWI. This one has a rare experimental rod bayonet where the cleaning rod also serves as a bayonet. com/#!/mainegunworks http://www. The repros don't do the originals justice. Seller: Guns Dot Com . I use a . The metal is in great condition with a nice patina on the receiver and trapdoor. 0 bids · Time left 4d 23h left (Tue, 07:44 PM *Sale Pending* - U. Cleaning Rod Length 38 5/8 Inches,2 diameters, both threaded; Muzzle Diameter. Springfield 1873 trapdoor rifle, missing cleaning rod from Proxibid, Inc. My ramrod has the correct number of cannelures (7) for a Type 1, but it doesn't have that locking groove or 'swells Cleaning Rod Length 35 5/8",no cannelures Muzzle Diameter. 00: 000523: US Springfield Trapdoor Carbine Wooden Cleaning Rod: Indian War US Springfield Trapdoor Carbine wooden barracks cleaning rod. My question pertains to swabbing the bore when shooting Cleaning Rod For US Army Springfield Trapdoor Cadet Rifle 1873- 1884. Includes a clip-on sight cover, extractor and cleaning rod inside buttstock, and leather sling. 1847 Walker Revolvers. 1873-1889 Springfield (45/70) Parts for the Original U. SOLD Antique: Yes. I have seen a couple that were expertly done. Bit of trivia: Troopers often bought cheap knives from Post Sutlers to extract stuck cartridge cases. All markings are legible including the stock cartouche dated 1881. breech loading Springfield "trapdoor" rifle was introduced in 1873 in . Total length 44-1/2" with a 25-1/2" barrel length. This example has the breech block marking: U. Remington Rolling Block Rifle. Black Powder Firearms. You will get one similar to the one in the photos, hand selected and inspected. Reproduction for original M1873 45/70 Trapdoor ramrod (Type 2). Marked "5C7" on right stock. I just acquired an 1873 Springfield Trapdoor. com. 45-70 SPRINGFIELD TRAPDOOR OCTAGON SPORTER! Description: UNUSUAL AND ATTRACTIVE FULL CUSTOM "GEMMER" STYLE . MODEL1884 In 1884 the integral Round Rod Bayonet was designed, which could double as a cleaning rod, a Original Item: Only One available. & National Basically it was the rifle the U. Posted M1868-70 Springfield; M1873-1889 Springfield Trapdoor; M1859-1863,M1874 Shaprs Rifles; Miscellaneous Longarms. $50. 30 shipping. Vintage Bus/Car Stop Light. Home; Books; Cleaning Rods; Edged Weapons; Flasks; Sight Protectors; Slings; Tompions; Tools; Rifle/Carbine Parts; Handgun Parts; U. This is an original. 45-70 government This is a very strong example of the Springfield Model 1888 Trapdoor Rifle in 45-70; also known as the "Ramrod Bayonet Rifle". com http://twitter. 50-70-450 Cartridge ; Model 1866 rifles ("Second Allin") were produced at Springfield Armory starting in the first quarter of 1867. Own the original! This is a legitimate antique and not a The Model 1880 triangular rod bayonet rifle was Springfield's first attempt at producing a trapdoor rifle with a combination cleaning rod and bayonet. Quote; G-MAN. Up for sale is a beautiful Springfield Armory 1884 Trapdoor Ram Rod Bayonet rifle in 45/70 (black powder cartridge). A wooden cleaning rod was fitted under the 1873 Springfield Trapdoor Restoration. 95. Overall gun has a deep plum brown patina with light pitting. Trapdoors Model 1865 1st Allin Model 1866 . 45/70 Trapdoor Carbine Garrison Cleaning Rod-Original . 95 In Stock. Blade front sight and folding elevator rear sight. Joined Aug 31, 2008 Messages 8,933 Likes 13,347. The Hammer Screw was broken off in the Sideplate, and the Cleaning Rod did not want to come The 1870 Springfield rifles were built with (mostly) Model 1863 stocks, trigger plates, locks and barrel bands. Rod is 35 1/2" overall length. 50-70 Model 1868-1870 . No other trapdoor ORIGINAL SPRINGFIELD TRAPDOOR 1873 SADDLE RING CARBINE, 45-70 CAL, RARE 3 PIECE CLEANING ROD IN THE BUTT STOCK Description: This is a guaranteed original Springfield Trapdoor carbine in 45-70cal, not a cut down rifle, I would be happy to give a potential buyer a lecture on how to tell a converted rifle from an original carbine. SPRINGFIELD MODEL 1879 TRAPDOOR RIFLE Description: 32-5/8 inch round barrel chambered in 45-70 caliber with a bright shiny bore. slacker74 (6,292) 100% Browse all new and used Springfield Rifles - Trapdoor for sale and buy with confidence from Guns International. All three sections are full length with clear threads. The cleaning/ram rod is absent. Springfield Armory Model 1888 Trapdoor Rifle with Rod Bayonet Auction Location: Rock Island, IL Auction Date: November 20, 2024 Rod Bayonet & Cleaning Rod Trapdoor M1888 US Springfield Rifle Model 1884 45-70. I have an 1873 Springfield trapdoor, 45-70, manufactured in 1879. 45-70 “Trapdoor” Springfield is the US Army shoulder arm most closely associated with the Indian Wars. A friend of mine got a length of 5/16” (or maybe 3/8”) Delrin rod, whittled a jag tip on the end and used it to clean his Trapdoor from the breech. The pic seems to be too big to load. New made. I have an opportunity to obtain a Springfield -1884 Model - trapdoor. This is an original carbine, not a cut down rifle, guaranteed. RP0707 Cleaning Rod - 3 Piece For 1873-1878 Springfield Carbine. We have a great online selection at the lowest prices with Fast & Free shipping on many items! Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for 90% BLUE! 1873 TRAPDOOR CLEANING ROD SPRINGFIELD RIFLE 45-70 at the best online prices at eBay! Free shipping Get the best deals for Trapdoor Cleaning Rod at eBay. Knowing that black powder is much more corrosive than smokeless, I am wondering if any trapdoor enthusiasts have some cleaning tips for me? Thanks The Springfield model 1884 was one of the "Trapdoor Springfield" rifles. Model 1873-1889 Springfield (45/70) Trapdoor Rifle & Carbine. Description Reviews (0) 45/70 Springfield M1873-1879 Trapdoor Lower Band $ 74. Model 1868-70 Springfield (50/70) Trapdoor Rifle. 00 Compare 1866, 1873 - 1876 WINCHESTER CLEANING ROD SET, 5 piece steel rod set measures 35 inches when assembled. 25. The following information is taken from: Desription and Rules for the Management of the Springfield Rifle, Carbine and Army Revolver, 1874. This is a genuine cleaning rod for a Springfield trapdoor 45/70 CADET rifle. Product ID #: RP0707 Price: $48. By BarryinIN January 17, 2011 in Single Shot Rifles Even the ramrod went through a few changes (yes, they call it a ramrod even though it's really a cleaning rod). $20. The shaft is one piece and solid. Sights: Buffington rear sight Notes: The experimental ramrod bayonet has single squared shoulder at each locking groove. SPRINGFIELD Model: 1873 CARBINE TRAPDOOR Serial Number: 175705 5 pointed star Caliber Info: 45-70 Ejectors: TRAPDOOR Condition: ABOVE GOOD Metal Condition: ABOVE GOOD 1873 SPRINGFIELD CARBINE ,ORIGINAL CLEANING RODS,& SIGHT HOOD Description: Fine US Model 1884 Trapdoor Rifle by Springfield 45-70 Description: A correct cleaning rod is included, and there are some areas of mild pinprick pitting on the sides of the barrel bands. This is a very nice early example of the classic Springfield trapdoor rifle, the weapon used, in its carbine form, by the troopers of the 7th Cavalry that met their fate at the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876. Jump to Latest Just picked up a 1873 cadet trapdoor. Reproduction for original 1873 carbine 3-Piece cleaning rod. 45-70, DOM 1974. Solid Wood. The wood is solid and fine with the correct U. Ramrod bayonet. M1873 Trapdoor Springfield and Krag) but can't load it. Many, if not most techniques will apply to all models. More to explore : Springfield Trapdoor, M1 Garand Rifle, Martini Henry Rifle, Denix Replica Rifle, Parker 45, US Comics Comics, Graphic Novels & TPBs, US Comics Original Comic Art, Original Springfield Trapdoor 1873-1884 Cleaning Ram Rod Ramrod 35 5/8" in length. The bayonet latches have short The M1873 field manual instructed soldiers to push the cartridge out with a cleaning rod, but this presented a problem since the M1873 carbine was not equipped with a cleaning rod. INFANTRY HELMET SIDE BUTTON Price: EXCELLENT U. 00. Ends in 6d 23h. Unlike the rifle, which was fitted with a full-length cleaning rod under the barrel, the carbine’s lack of a cleaning rod and broken shell extractor to clear jammed cartridges proved to be a serious hindrance. 50-70 Indian War US Springfield Trapdoor rifle Wooden Barracks Cleaning Rod, Excellent Condition, $39. 1873-1889 Springfield Rear Trapdoor Escutcheon (Washer) $8. The Springfield Model 1888 was one of several models of rifles produced by Springfield Armory for the United States military in the late 19th century. . I have fired this rifle and it works just fine. Own the original! This is a legitimate antique and not a “Trapdoor Springfield” models, but the . This is a lovely example of the classic Springfield trapdoor rifle, the weapon used, in its carbine form, by the troopers of the 7th Cavalry that met their fate at the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876. The Model 1884 RRB rifle utilized a different, but no more reliable mechanism for retaining the rod. Back to home page Return to top. M1866 Cleaning Rod-Reproduction steel ramrod for the M1866 Trapdoor. History Social eNews Subscription. Model 1884, The butt plate is marked U. or Best Offer. Army used to open the West and Springfield trapdoor carbines were used by Custer's Cavalry at the massacre at The Little Big Horn. </p> The rear Buffington sight is correctly marked with a “C” for a carbine. One piece trigger guard. Remove the cleaning rod. I made a brief video to show the effect of using a product called "Kotton Klenser" to clean the antique wood of a Springfield Model 1866 converted trap door Buy Original Springfield Trapdoor Carbine 3 Piece Cleaning Rod Set: GunBroker is the largest seller of Collectible Gun Parts & Accessories Collectible Firearms All: 1007107216 The "cleaning head" pictured is actually called a "wiper". the rifle is in very good condition. Springfield Model 1888 Trapdoor Rifle in . Anyhow, I picked up a 3 piece cleaning rod and oiler kit on Ebay for 50 bucks, which seems these days to be a decent deal. 1bach (12276) 100% positive; Seller's other items Seller's other items; Contact seller; US $97. 30-40 caliber Krag bolt action magazine rifle. Complete with an excellent modern leather sling Rod Bayonet & Cleaning Rod Trapdoor M1888 US Springfield Rifle Model 1884 45-70. MODEL1873 Offered in very good condition is this trapdoor rifle in . Excellent Condition, Rare. The stock shows use and remains solid. V, P and eagleshead proofs over the left side of the barrel chamber. The hole was for a rifle's cleaning rod. 03/04/2024 - For sale is a great condition Springfield trapdoor Model 1884 made in 1892. Springfield 45-70 Model 1877 Rifle Rear Sight Trapdoor, Original $ 74. I has the 4th type of metal cleaning rod with the cupped end. The serial number is P169. During the year 1873, the Board of Officers appointed in pursuance of the "Act of Congress, - approved June 6, 1872 - for the purpose of selecting a breech system for the military service of the United States," Cleaning Rod Length 32 9/16",no cannelures Muzzle Diameter. 1885. Overall length is 24 1/2". model 1884 trap door carbine with cleaning rods - antique description: this is a springfield u. Featured on the Model 1888 trapdoor is the later style ‘Buffington’ rear sight, an adjustable leaf style device to adjust for elevation and windage. Springfield Muskets Model 1855 - 1864 1896 to 1903 Krag Threaded Cleaning Rod. Your account still isn't able to receive messages. 1884 SPRINGFIELD RAMROD, Model 1878 Rod, 2nd Type with Cupped tip, Reproduction. As said earlier - the first . Affiliate programs and affiliations include, Up for sale is a Springfield 1884 Trapdoor with the rod bayonet in . $3,000. Springfield Armory 1884 Trapdoor Ram Rod Bayonet, 45/70 Description: Final Reduction to help with shipping. Correct buttplate with two swivels and 31 inch cleaning rod. Free shipping on many items | Browse your favorite brands | affordable prices. 1bach (12285) 100% positive; Seller's other items Seller's other items; Contact seller; US $24. Everything is original, except the cleaning rod. 45-70 government caliber, with Serial SPRINGFIELD M1873 TRAPDOOR CARBINE - C65411. If indeed the serial number is 551933 you have receiver from a model 1888 which had a cleaning rod bayonet which yours does not have. 00 $39. The breech block is marked: U. Musket 50-70 Springfield Trapdoor (recreated from admin as 102746249) Also pics of a full length Springfield 50-70 with sling asking $825 Has a wrong style cleaning rod. Although every '88 was issued with one, there are rather hard to come by. Paid $60. In 1884 the integral Round Rod Bayonet was introduced, which could double as a cleaning rod,a development that met with very limited success. Condition: RAMROD M1816 SPRINGFIELD HARPERS FERRY MUSKET CIVIL WAR US 69 CALIBER RAM ROD (#196201093246) "U. Blade front sight and Buffington rifle-style rear. Measures 29 5/8 long. Description: Model 1875 Trapdoor Officer's Rifle manufactured by the Springfield Armory c. Our Price: $7. Courtesy of Rock Island Auction Co. View My Other Items For Sale This gun part is in complete Trapdoor: Rate of fire: User dependent; usually 8 to 10 rounds per minute 1,350 feet per second (410 m/s) Feed system: Breech-loading: Sights: Iron sights: The Springfield Model 1875 was a variant of the Springfield Model The rifle had a trigger which could be set to use as a hair trigger. The U. 22 Cleaning Rod, Issued w/ M1 & M2 1903 Rifle Original Item: Only One available. 1 Original Springfield Model 1865 1st Allin . It was made in 1st qtr of 1890 based on Serial #. $18. Functions well, tight action. *Sale Pending* - U. Mechanically functions fine. i believe this to be one of the earliest type 1 models made in 1875. See pics It was specifically designed for use with the 1873 and 1884 Trapdoor Springfield Rifle chambered in Antique U. Add to cart Details Model 1888 Trapdoor rifle with rod bayonet extended (top) shown with a close view of Model 1880 rod bayonet (bottom) in retracted position (inset). MODEL1884 In 1884 the integral The final model of the famous ". SHARPS BULLET Price: $14. The rod retaining mechanism was a problem from the start, and it did not work reliably until the "key" was added to the locking spring. See all listings by normrain Print this listing. caliber with a very good frosty bore. In Stock. 45-70 Springfield-Book II-1865-1893. Click Photo to Antique 1873 Springfield "Trapdoor" Rifle, 1874, 45-70 Gov. It is 38 and 1/4 inches long. Might take a couple of tries to get it exactly right, but a box of round balls will be cheaper than ordering a bunch of bullets that are the wrong size, or worse, a mould that you can't use. Cleaning Rod. The Springfield Model 1866 was the second iteration of the Allin-designed trapdoor breech-loading mechanism. 58 caliber muzzle loading barrels that were sleeved Springfield Trapdoor Model 1879 in . 50-70 Cleaning; Reloading; Shooting Accessories; Shooting Supplies; Sights, Scopes & Mounts; Specials; FAQ; Rods, Brushes & Patches; Solvents & Protective Oil; Reloading. This, like the Springfield model 1880, was an attempt to combine the cleaning rod and bayonet into a single unit. The bore is shiny with good grooves. Trigger is The US M1888 Rifle replaced the socket bayonet with a rod bayonet that doubled as a cleaning rod. This 45/70 rifle ram rod (cleaning rod) is being sold "as is" ! There are no returns or exchanges. Our Price: $48. all original, number matching, very good bore, forearm and stock, mechanically correct and tight. Price 03/04/2024 - For sale is a great condition Springfield trapdoor Model 1884 made in 1892. Customer brought it up from the coast for a sonic cleaning and repair. Brass Cases & Primers; SP0187 Cam Latch Cover Plate Screw (Original) For 1868-1870 US Springfield Breechloading & 1873-1889 Springfield 45/70 Trapdoor. Original Item: Only One available. We have a great online selection at the lowest prices with Fast & Free shipping on many items! High quality reproduction cleaning rod for the 1873 45/70 trapdoor Model 1888 Trapdoor rifle with rod bayonet extended (top) shown with a close view of Model 1880 rod bayonet (bottom) in retracted position (inset). all original (this includes the cleaning rods that are located in the rear of the stock) , number matching, good bore, forearm and stock, mechanically correct and tight. Finally acquired some appropriate black powder rounds for my 2 trapdoors and would like to go to the range and do some shooting. MODEL1884 In 1884 the integral Round Rod Bayonet was designed, which could double as a cleaning rod, a FULL CUSTOM "GEMMER" STYLE . Will only require proof of being 21 years of age. Antique SOLD. Overall a great example of an 1884 Trapdoor rifle EXCELLENT U. See all listings by Chri Print this listing. You can find more information about the history and characteristics of the Springfield trapdoor rifles and carbines in the following links: Original . In this video I show how I bring this old rifle back to it's former glory without destroying it's historical value. It is easily distinguished from other earlier Trapdoor Models by its unique cleaning rod mechanism which allows it to double as a bayonet. It is not a standard cleaning rod that has been shortened by cutting down a piecing together again. Disassembled and found out the Cleaning Rod Lock was broken. Springfield Armory Model 1888 Trapdoor Rifle U. 778 Inches; Rifling 3 Lands and Grooves, 1 turn in 42" Caliber. The last of the 'Trapdoor' series was also the last single-shot, black powder arm produced by Springfield. 772 -. US Marked SPRINGFIELD Model 1888 TRAPDOOR Rifle With Cleaning Rod Bayonet! Description: US Marked SPRINGFIELD Model 1888 TRAPDOOR Rifle With Cleaning Rod Bayonet! Here we present an antique U. Original sights include a blade front and Buffington rifle-style rear. The Springfield Trapdoor and other single-shot rifles would be rendered obsolete by magazine-fed bolt-action rifles in the late nineteenth century. 50 CF, . Description: Excellent Springfield 1884 Trapdoor 45-70 caliber. It was finally replaced in 1892 with Cleaning Rod Display Title. 45-70 government caliber, Serial # Parts for the Original U. 00 US Springfield Trapdoor Carbine Wooden Cleaning Rod: Indian War US Springfield Trapdoor Carbine wooden barracks cleaning rod. This example has had the breech block swapped out at one point with a Model 1873 Model 1873 Rifle & Carbine . A. Springfield 1873 trapdoor rifle, missing cleaning rod. SUBSCRIBE. We have a great online selection at the lowest prices with Fast & Free shipping on many items! High quality reproduction cleaning rod for the 1873 45/70 trapdoor Springfield. We have a great online selection at the lowest . The regular army was issued the new Krag rifles and the guard units received the trapdoor. The . Any ideas? Thanks, Herb G. Jump to Latest Upon thorough cleaning, the receiver and block cleaned up quite nicely, however the top surface of the barrel is pretty thoroughly pitted. 45-70 trap doorno rear sight missing cleaning rod cleaned and serviced Click for more info. $25. The real question is the bore. The pictures will show you more then I can. 746" Rifling 3 Lands and Grooves; Research findings on this subject will be presented in the Trapdoor Springfield Newsletter as the work progresses. The Springfield Trapdoor Model 1884 Rifle, officially known as the Model 1884 Springfield, is a significant firearm in American history and an upgrade from t ROD BAYONET CLEANING ROD TRAPDOOR M1888 US SPRINGFIELD RIFLE. It also has sling swivel studs- one in Carbines didn't have a cleaning rod channel. SKU: C66918 $3,400. Buy It Now +$4. 50-70 Gov’t cartridge was found to be less than optimal. Breechblock inscription reads “US / MODEL / 1892”. These are made in the USA. Bayonet is in great shape with some Original Blueing still present. the rifle comes with cleaning rods. Excellent mechanics Lockplate stamped with the spreadwinged eagle with “US / SPRINGFIELD” forward of the hammer. only 477 total made between 1875-1885. marked butt plate. Because the small locking "fingers" are not Following is a suggested method for the basic disassembly of the trapdoor Springfield. However, the metal has been nickel plated, and the stock has been carved. Details. Push a muzzle-loading round ball one size too big into the throat, till it just starts to contact the rifling, and then push it back out the breech with a cleaning rod. (3 Rods, 2 Plain, 1 Slotted & 1 Oiler). This is a lovely lightly used honest example of the classic Springfield trapdoor rifle, the weapon used, in its carbine form, by the troopers of the 7th Cavalry that met their fate at the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876. The firing pin is a bronze alloy, which is also correct for a post-1886 firearm. Despite the replacement of the trapdoor Original and Reproduction Firearm Gun Parts Winchester Cleaning Rods Winchester 1866 and 1873 RIFLE - A set of a 4-piece cleaning rod 1866 and 1873 Winchester sporting rifle. This rifle has the buffington rear sight. 58 CALIBER BALL SCREW Price: $8. Check out our HOT auctions. $899. So as you can see, it may look simple as a hammer, but there is a lot more to it than first appears. The model 1884 traces its roots back to the design of the Springfield 1873. The cleaning rod is missing. Our Price: $650. The Hammer Screw was broken off in the Sideplate, and the Cleaning Rod did not want to come out of the channel. I would like advice on how to remove the cleaning rod from an 1873 springfield trapdoor 45-70. Area Code: 866 . 00 Compare US Marked SPRINGFIELD Model 1888 TRAPDOOR Rifle With Cleaning Rod Bayonet! Description: US Marked SPRINGFIELD Model 1888 TRAPDOOR Rifle With Cleaning Rod Bayonet! Here we present an antique U. White 6 PCS 10" Vintage Handmade Round Crochet Doily Doilies Coaster Sno. It incorporated a rod bayonet, a device that would be seen again in the Antique U. s. Springfield Model 1884 Trapdoor Rifle with Ramrod Bayonet and Cleaning RodWith ramrod bayonet and cleaning rod. Another improved feature is the solid milled trigger guard as well as U. facebook. $95. 00 M1863 Ball Worm. There are a number of stereopticon pictures that show guard units armed with a mix of 1884 and 1888 rifles. 00 M1874 Colt Screwdriver Tool. Only 11,533 were produced. Has very nice hardcasing with plenty of engraving. 99 . Good condition antique US Model 1873 Trapdoor Springfield Rifle in . 774" Rifling 3 Lands and Grooves; The M68 was Springfield's first attempt at using a separate receiver and in some cases new 32. I only recently was able to get my hands on a light small enough to fit in the receiver of the rifle and give me a CLEANING ROD TRAPDOOR US SPRINGFIELD RIFLE 45-70 REPRODUCTION. #1445 Springfield 1884 “EXPERIMENTAL Ram-rod Bayonet Trapdoor” rifle, SN 320XXX (1884), Description: This is NOT just the standard military configuration 1884 rifle with 32-1/2” barrel and standard separate cleaning rod, this is the ultra-rare predecessor to the Model 1888 Ram-rod bayonet model. The Model 1873 was the fifth variation of the Springfield U. More Items From eBay. Springfield Model 1884 Trapdoor Rifle with Ramrod Bayonet and Accessories1891 dated cartouche. Original Cadet Orig to fit a US Model 1884 Trapdoor Springfield Rifle. Description; Reviews; MODEL 1873 SPRINGFIELD CLEANING ROD, Early uncupped Type I rod. Very authentic and precision made. - no cleaning rod. Difficult to tell from an original. It would look good in a wall hanger or display gun. Quickview. The swivels are present and it is equipped with a Model 1868 cleaning rod which is most likely correct for this early second type rifle. 00: 000522: US Army . 00 for it and thought it was a great deal. 45-70, DOM 1874. Springfield Model 1884 Trapdoor 45-70 Rifle Trigger I have been shooting BP for over 55 years so am well versed on cleaning round ball rifles, rifled muskets, revolvers, etc. SP0175 Bridle Screw (Original) For 1873-1889 Springfield 45/70 Trapdoor & Joslyn Carbine Browse the huge selection of 1873 Springfield rifle parts and the schematic here and end your parts search. The barrel retains a nice bluing throughout with some wear towards the muzzle. We have a great online selection at the lowest prices with Fast & Free shipping on many items! US TRAPDOOR SPRINGFIELD CLEANING ROD STOP LATCH ORIGINAL PART. Rifle length, Original. H&R Officers Springfield Trapdoor Model 1873. I'll bet most were lost. $55. All markings are legible including the stock cartouche dated 1881 1866, 1873 - 1876 WINCHESTER CLEANING ROD SET, 5 piece steel rod set measures 35 inches when assembled. This sale includes an original three-piece cleaning rod of the second type. Springfield TRAPDOOR Model 1873 Rifle CLEANING ROD Trapdoor (aka) RAMROD. The sights, barrel, hammer, ramrod (now a "cleaning rod") and of course the trapdoor conversion were all new. Extra clean original not a reproduction. Crisp mechanics. The Model 1873 was the fifth variation of the I show you everything you need to know to disassemble your antique Trapdoor Springfield Rifle. 54 Caliber Brass Rod,Tip, and Jag Combination 10X32. Complete with correct original cleaning rod. Breakdown cleaning rod fits in a compartment in the buttstock. US Model 1884 Springfield Trapdoor 45-70 Army rifle Description: The gun is complete and correct with sling swivels and original cleaning rod. A classic early Trapdoor Springfield Rifle. They had used the triangular rod system on the Model 1880 and some Model 1882 rifles. Sponsored. UA0106 . double set trigger. it would be hard to find a better one. 00 1865 Spencer Combination Tool. The final model of the famous ". 50 1896 to 1903 Krag Cleaning Rod Set with Oiler. BUT, I have found a decent Springfield 45/70 trapdoor and am in the process of purchasing it from a good member here and by design, it is a “different animal” from a muzzleloader. in Ending Soon. Has no Rust. Springfield U. The bayonet is integral to the rifle and is stowed like the cleaning rod of other rifles. 50 Complete cleaning was done in garrison with a wooden barracks cleaning rod. downeastgunworks. INFANTRY HELMET SIDE BUTTON Price: $10. This is a very nice example of the classic Springfield trapdoor rifle, the weapon used, in its carbine form, by the troopers of the 7th Cavalry that met their fate at the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876. 45-70 caliber. SPRINGFIELD MODEL 1868 TRAPDOOR RIFLE Description: 32-1/2 inch round barrel chambered in 50-70 Govt. The cleaning rod is also a sliding bayonet. I don't know of anyone who makes proper/authentic . 45/70 TRAPDOOR CARBINE 3 PIECE CLEANING ROD SET, For 1873-1889 Springfield Carbines, Light pitting on one section, Original. The rifle, in both full-length and carbine versions, was widely used in subsequent battles against Native Americans. The Springfield Model 1873 was the first standard-issue breech-loading rifle adopted by the United States Army (although the Springfield Model 1866 had seen limited issue to troops along the Bozeman Trail in 1867). That leaves the fact that your gun is assembled from parts which is easy to do with a . Fixed front sight. Us Trapdoor Springfield Cleaning Rod Stop Latch original Part. A real piece of American history! Located near Puyallup WA. For additional photographs, descriptions and specifications see: The 45-70 Springfield Book II 1865-1893. In 1884 the integral Round Rod Bayonet was introduced, which could double as a cleaning rod, a development that met with very limited success. INFANTRY HELMET SIDE BUTTON Price: Springfield Model 1873 Trapdoor in . What appears to be the ramrod--actually a cleaning rod--will pull out and snap into place to form a pencil-thin bayonet. This rod is pretty darned good for the price especially when compared to originals ($100-150) and repos listed elsewhere ($65-90). 45-70 Springfield-Book I or The . US SPRINGFIELD MODEL 1879 TRAPDOOR CARBINE, 45-70, UNIT MARKED, 3 PIECE CLEANING ROD Description: This is a very good example of a model 1879 Trapdoor carbine that was upgraded to a model 1884 configuration by replacing the breech block and rear sight. TRAPDOOR SPRINGFIELD PISTOL GRIP Price: $150. The Model 1884 round rod bayonet rifle was Springfield's third attempt at a rod bayonet system on a trapdoor rifle. In 30 plus years of collecting, I've only found one at a gun show about ten years ago. Excellent mechanics. S. com/gunworks Jim Green, gunsmith and owner of GunWorks of Harrington, Indian War US Springfield Trapdoor rifle Wooden Barracks Cleaning Rod, Excellent Condition, $39. Add to cart Details (717) 338-1864. It is 32 5/8" long. Add To Cart. This includes taking out the lockwork, removing the stock, tak springfield trapdoor carbine model 1873 rifle with original cleaning rods for sale online. These are a unique version where the cleaning rod also served as the bayonet. On most arms, this entails pulling the tip of the rod away from the barrel to free it from the stop, and then Get the best deals on Springfield Trapdoor when you shop the largest online selection at eBay. In addition to the upgraded rear sight there is also an 'original' peep site added by the Army. One of these modifications was the addition of a standard M-1873 rear sight. Toggle navigation MENU Sign In 1412973Springfield model 1879 . SKU: ORI-358 Category: Uncategorized. This one is not one of the original 2,000 made because it is not Original Item: Only One available. NES Member. (I can't go look at it right now, I'm at work) Springfield Trapdoor 1884, Original 45/70 Nice Still has the stacking swivels and original cleaning rod. 45/70 Trapdoor Springfield carbine three piece cleaning rod. All original finishes are in excellent condition, showing very strong bluing and case colors, and nearly all of the original varnish with some expected handling marks. Feedback It does *not* have a pull-out bayonet, it looks like a ramrod or a cleaning rod. Shipping will be actual cost by insured priority mail with tracking. MODEL1884 In 1884 the integral Round Rod Bayonet was designed, which could double as a cleaning rod, a Lot 114: U. $49. S/N 527710 made in 1891. Originally developed as a means of converting rifle muskets to breechloaders, the Allin modification ultimately became the basis for the definitive Springfield Model 1873, the first breech-loading rifle adopted by the United States War springfield trapdoor 45/70 cleaning rod retainer for sale When you click on links to various merchants on this site and make a purchase, this can result in this site earning a commission. This is a fabulous looking Trapdoor, and is in fine-excellent condition. Model 1884 Trapdoor 45-70. Pre-Owned. The rifle has the rare rod bayonet where the cleaning rod can be extended and locked as a bayonet. The stock has nice cross hatch/checkering. 45-70 Made in 1882; 1:20 Twist; Excellent bore; Type 2 cleaning rod; Model 79 rear sight "VP" over "Eagles Head" on left top to barrel in front of breach "R" stamped on top of barrel "U" on right ride of both barrel bands; 2 cartouches on stock as shown Get the best deals for Springfield Trapdoor Rifle Parts at eBay. Correct buttplate, three swivels and cleaning rod. 45-70 SPRINGFIELD TRAPDOOR OCTAGON SPORTER! The stock has a pewter tip and double cleaning rod thimbles to hold the cleaning rod. 1851 Navy Revolvers. model 1884 trap door carbine, 45/70 caliber. 1873-77. This is in Complete Excellent Functional Condition. 45-70 Trapdoor Products [92] Sort by: Use Default Sorting Price: Low to High Price: High to Low Name Newest Avg Review Review Count Free Shipping On Sale Original 1873 Trapdoor Springfield Ram Rod Stop / Catch In Excellent Con Fine US Model 1884 Trapdoor Rifle by Springfield 45-70; Fine US Model 1884 Trapdoor Rifle by Springfield 45-70. Made in the USA! But the question I have is about the cleaning rod (ramrod). The rod arrived and is in wonderful This original cleaning rod will fit and function great in all Original Springfield 45-70 Rifle Models including 1873, 1877, 1878, 1879 and 1884. 90% BLUE 1873 TRAPDOOR CLEANING ROD SPRINGFIELD RIFLE 45-70. The number "23" is marked in large numerals on the right side of stock while the number "59" is marked near the wrist. Ends in 6d 14h. $70. SKU: C65411 $3,000. $15. Part Number: W23039. 45-70 caliber, serial number 90286, walnut stock with a light cartouche on the left side, and "K/G/9" and "45" on the comb of the butt near the butt plate tang, blued finish, marked on the lock plate with an eagle and "U. Sling swivels are also intact. This Trapdoor operates very well, chambering, firing and ejecting perfectly. 0 bids. Antique. The rifling is the same as that in the Model 1866 rifle, one turn in 42 inches with three equal width grooves and lands. Log In for Wishlist The Trapdoor Springfield The Trapdoor Springfield. 1849 Pocket Revolvers. A trial was held in 1872 to determine what rifle and carbine would be Unlike the rifle, which was fitted with a full-length cleaning rod under the barrel, the carbine’s lack of a cleaning rod and broken shell extractor to clear jammed this site specializes in: (1) trapdoor springfield rifles & carbines, 1865-1893; (2) indian war & span-am war: u. Also has the wooden cleaning rod under the barrel as with the ram rods. So take a good look before buying! Springfield Carbine Trapdoor 45-70 Description: Carbine trapdoor S/N 313399 the markings are for the most part gone or very faint. 00 Thisauction is for the pictured Excellent Condition Original FullLength 45/70 Springfield Trapdoor 1884 Cleaning Rod 32 3/4 In. The Model 1888 included an improved retaining mechanism, as the Model 1880's retaining mechanism had proved to be problematic. Blade front sight with hood added and stepped base rifle-style rear. The finish on the rifle is clean and free of rusting or active pitting. Model 1870 Springfield ""Trapdoor"" Rifle (AL6097) Description: "The U. Great quality. Measures 29 5/8" long. Indeed, it was “there” in the isolated outposts and long forgotten skirmishes that made up the less glorious military life, as well as the better known campaigns. 45-70 GOVT, made circa 1893 in Springfield, Massachusetts. 00 1903 Springfield Tool. M1873-1889 Springfield Trapdoor. I think I paid a bit of a premium for the Krag because of the SRS history but in the end am very pleased! Model 1873 Springfield Trapdoor Rifle Parts Logging In to USMF has changed from using your USERNAME to requiring the EMAIL ADDRESS associated with your USMF account. Brand New. Military Rifle. U. 45-70 GOVT Rifle with BAYONET Single Shot U. 1866 SPRINGFIELD TRAPDOOR . 36 Caliber 8X32 Silver Cleaning Jag. 45-70 Springfield Trapdoor ammo today. 45-70 Description: Springfield Trapdoor Model 1879 in . A Model 1884 Trapdoor Springfield rifle (top) is shown next to the more compact carbine version. Springfield Model 1873 Trapdoor in . All antiques sold as-is, no refunds or returns Explore the history and advantages of America's first standard issue breech-loading rifle, the Springfield Trapdoor, on YouTube. $9. UA0403 . 45-70 Springfield - For Collectors Only" shows all the ramrods having the 'swells' and locking grooves about 5. Threads are the same as originals rod's threads. A correct cleaning rod is included, and there are some areas of mild pinprick pitting on the sides of the barrel bands. Add to cart. Rods have a plunger brass Forearm and the other with a slot for Springfield Carbine Barracks Cleaning Rod Model 1873-1884, Original quantity. It is in good condition. MODEL 1873 SPRINGFIELD RIFLE AND BAYONET United StatesC. 45-70 With Cleaning Rod, This rifle Appears in Great Condition, Breach block marked U. ) For 1873-1889 Springfield 45/70 Trapdoor. original 1873 rear rifle sight on barrel with The rod bayonet could double as a cleaning rod. View My Other Items For Sale This gun part is in complete The Firing Line Forums > The Hide > The Art of the Rifle: General: Removing springfield trapdoor cleaning rod Original Item: Only One available. SPRINGFIELD MODEL 1884 TRAPDOOR RIFLE WITH BAYONET Description: 32-1/2 inch round barrel chambered in 45-70 caliber with a bright minty bore. The windage knob is stiff but operable. "US" marked bayonet and cleaning rod included. 50 caliber conversions used the original . 95 Compare. & National Cleaning Rod Length 35 5/8",no cannelures Muzzle Diameter. The stock is in great condition without any Get the best deals for Springfield Trapdoor Rifle Parts at eBay. Vintage RARE 1954 West Virginia License Plate #8964 Low Serial W Get the best deals for Trapdoor Rifle Cleaning Rod at eBay. Just following up to see if you've had a chance to locate a M1873 buttplate or cleaning rod. In all, a fine and handsome example that has "been there and done that!" springfield u. $90. This was the first model of cartridge ri SPRINGFIELD TRAPDOOR RIFLE, 1873Antique Springfield Trapdoor, presumed to be . It was missing the cleaning rod so I purchased one on trapdoor. s springfield trapdoor arms; (3) 1865-1893 military: bayonets, knives, entrenching tools/trowels, mills & prairie belts, mckeever / *Sale Pending* - U. 58 Rf Trapdoor Cam Latch Side Plate. US marked buttplate with trap for cleaning rod sections. correct and original cleaning rod. Please feel free to contact me with any questions. Springfield Trapdoor CADET 45/70 Cleaning Rod. 00: 000239: Tinned Skillet, Mess Gear US Indian War tinned Skillet for cooking food 1873 Trapdoor Springfield 45/70 Description: Early model 1873 trapdoor serial # 2214 , all early features,dated lock,2 click tumbler,hammer,high arch breechblock,sights,cleaning rod,smooth trigger, short comb long wrist stock,unusual brass buttplate with old hard rubber recoil pad machined into it,perfect fit into original butt plate mortise http://www. A total of about 52,000 rifles were made between 1867 What do you do to keep the cleaning rod from junping from it's position under the barrel when shooting? but the previous owner mad several modifications to it to make it more like an original Officer's model Springfield. SPRINGFIELD MODEL 1888 TRAPDOOR RIFLE WITH ROD BAYONET Description: 32-5/8 inch round barrel chambered in 45-70 caliber with a dark bore that looks rough but may clean up. Please see all the pictures for the details. See pics It was specifically designed for use with the 1873 and 1884 Trapdoor Springfield Rifle chambered in 45-70. Correct head and finger grooves. MODEL1884 In 1884 the integral Springfield Model 1866 breech. It was the final design in a long line of rifles which used the trapdoor breechblock design developed by Erskine S. Lot 114: U.
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